Typical dose

Varies significantly by specific herb. Typically...

About this supplement

A tincture or fluid extract is a concentrated liquid preparation of botanical material, typically made by extracting plant constituents using alcohol (ethanol) or a mixture of alcohol and water as the solvent. The extraction process dissolves and concentrates the active phytochemicals, volatile oils, resins, and other soluble compounds from the raw plant material (e.g., roots, leaves, bark, flowers). The resulting liquid is characterized by its high concentration, long shelf life due to the preservative properties of alcohol, and ease of administration. Standardization of potency can vary, but many commercial preparations aim for a specific ratio (e.g., 1:1 to 1:5, meaning 1 part crude herb yields 1 to 5 parts extract) or are standardized to marker compounds. This form is a traditional and widely used pharmaceutical preparation in herbal medicine.

How much to take

Typical amount
Varies significantly by specific herb. Typically administered in drops or milliliters, often diluted in water. Example: 30-60 drops (approx. 1.5-3 mL) 1-3 times daily. Dosage depends on herb potency, extraction ratio, and individual condition.
Suggested range
Herb-specific; no universal range. Follow product labeling or professional guidance for the specific botanical.

Potential benefits

Benefits linked to this supplement form:

Things to watch for

Possible side effects linked to this form:

Health goals

Needs and goals this form may help with:

Other forms of Valerian

Compare absorption and active amounts with sibling forms:

Technical details â–¼

Physical properties

Clear to turbid liquid, color varying from pale yellow to dark brown or green depending on the source herb. Characteristic aromatic odor of the herb and solvent. Miscible with water and alcohol; may form precipitates upon dilution. Density and viscosity vary with concentration and solvent ratio. Typically contains 25-90% ethanol (v/v) as a solvent and preservative.

How it’s made

Produced via maceration, percolation, or digestion of comminuted (cut or powdered) dried or fresh botanical material in a suitable solvent (commonly ethanol-water mixtures). The plant material is soaked to allow soluble constituents to dissolve. The liquid is then separated (expressed or filtered), and the marc (spent plant material) is often pressed to recover more extract. The combined liquids may be clarified by settling or filtration. The final extract is typically adjusted to a standard strength (e.g., 1g herb per mL extract) and alcohol content. Some processes involve multiple extractions or vacuum concentration.