Water Retention

Increased water retention and weight gain.

Water retention, also known as fluid retention or edema, occurs when excess fluid builds up inside the body. This can lead to swelling in the hands, feet, ankles, and legs, and may also cause bloating, weight gain, and stiff joints. It can be caused by a variety of factors including prolonged standing or sitting, hormonal changes (such as during menstruation or pregnancy), high salt intake, certain medications (e.g., NSAIDs, corticosteroids, some diabetes medications), underlying medical conditions (e.g., heart failure, kidney disease, liver disease), and lymphatic system dysfunction. While often mild and self-limiting, significant water retention can indicate a more serious health problem. Severe edema can lead to skin breakdown, difficulty walking, increased risk of infection, and even impaired circulation. The mechanisms involve imbalances in fluid and electrolyte regulation, increased capillary permeability, and reduced lymphatic drainage.