Niacinamide (Vitamin B3) benefits skin health and energy metabolism, but may cause skin irritation or GI upset at high doses.
Niacinamide, a form of vitamin B3, is a versatile ingredient beneficial for both topical and oral applications. As a skincare ingredient, it enhances skin barrier function, reduces acne and hyperpigmentation, and soothes redness due to its anti-inflammatory properties. Orally, it acts as a precursor to NAD+ and NADP+, crucial coenzymes for cellular energy production. While generally safe, topical use may cause mild skin irritation, and high oral doses may lead to gastrointestinal upset or headaches. Starting with low concentrations or dosages and gradually increasing as tolerated is advised to minimize potential side effects. Niacinamide is synthetically produced.
Key Information
Inside Body Harmful Score
Outside Body Harmful Score
Common Dosage
Topical: 2-10% concentration in skincare products; Oral: 10-500mg daily, divided doses preferred for higher amounts.
Source Type
synthetic
Production Process
Niacinamide is typically synthesized from nicotinic acid (niacin) via amidation with ammonia. Several chemical processes can be used, including reacting nicotinic acid with ammonia under heat and pressure.
Use Type
BothPotential Benefits
Energy metabolism is the process of converting nutrients into energy (ATP), essential for bodily functions. Efficient energy metabolism supports physical activity, reduces fatigue, and contributes to overall health, while dysfunction can lead to metabolic disorders.
This benefit focuses on restoring and maintaining the skin's natural barrier to protect against environmental factors and maintain hydration and elasticity. It involves using ingredients like ceramides and humectants to reduce dryness and irritation.
Redness reduction minimizes skin redness caused by inflammation, irritation, or vascular issues. Strategies include topical treatments, oral supplements, lifestyle modifications, and professional procedures to promote even skin tone and reduce discomfort.
Oil regulation is the control of sebum production in the skin, preventing imbalances that can lead to acne, oily skin, or dry skin. It promotes a healthy skin barrier and overall skin appearance.
Hyperpigmentation reduction lightens or evens out skin tone in areas with excessive melanin production by targeting melanin synthesis, transfer, or removal. Treatments involve topical agents, procedures, and sun protection.
Niacinamide reduces acne inflammation and regulates sebum production, leading to fewer breakouts and improved skin texture. It leverages anti-inflammatory properties and sebum control to improve skin health.
Niacinamide boosts ceramide production, fortifying the skin's barrier. This strengthens moisture retention, protects against irritants, and reduces water loss, leading to healthier skin.
Niacinamide reduces hyperpigmentation by inhibiting melanosome transfer, improving skin tone and fading dark spots. It helps to even out discoloration for a more uniform complexion.
Niacinamide reduces facial redness and flushing by improving skin barrier function and decreasing inflammation. This leads to a reduction in visible redness and a more even skin tone.
Bakuchiol reduces acne by decreasing inflammation, inhibiting acne-causing bacteria, and preventing clogged pores. Its anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties help improve skin clarity and reduce acne lesions.
Ceramides NP strengthen the skin's barrier, protecting against environmental damage and reducing sensitivity and inflammation. This leads to healthier, more hydrated, and resilient skin.
Possible Side Effects
Gastrointestinal upset involves a variety of digestive symptoms like nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. It can range from mild discomfort to severe pain and may indicate an underlying condition if persistent.
Headache is pain in the head ranging from mild to severe, potentially with nausea, light/sound sensitivity, or dizziness. It can be caused by tension, dehydration, stress, or medication side effects, and persistent headaches require medical evaluation.
Skin irritation involves symptoms like redness, itching, and rashes due to contact with irritants, allergens, or environmental factors. Severity varies based on the cause, individual sensitivity, and affected area; persistent cases may lead to secondary infections.
Rarely, exposure can lead to mild skin irritation, presenting as redness, itching, or a mild rash. The condition is generally self-limiting, but pre-existing skin conditions may increase susceptibility.
Scientific Evidence
Key studies and reviews examine topical niacinamide's effect on acne, hyperpigmentation, and skin barrier function (e.g., 'Niacinamide: A B Vitamin That Improves Aging Facial Skin Appearance' by Bissett et al., 2005; and studies investigating niacinamide's role in cellular energy metabolism via NAD+/NADP+ synthesis).
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