Tretinoin, a prescription retinoid, treats acne and photoaging by increasing cell turnover, but causes irritation and sun sensitivity.
Tretinoin is a synthetic retinoid (a derivative of vitamin A) used primarily for the treatment of acne and photoaging. It works by increasing skin cell turnover and reducing inflammation. It is available in topical formulations, such as creams and gels, and requires a prescription due to its potential side effects, including skin irritation and increased sun sensitivity. It is a potent medication and should be used under the guidance of a healthcare professional.
Key Information
Outside Body Harmful Score
Common Dosage
0.01-0.1% topical cream or gel, applied once daily
Source Type
synthetic
Production Process
Tretinoin is synthesized through a multi-step chemical process involving the modification of a retinoic acid derivative. The synthesis typically involves esterification, oxidation, and hydrolysis reactions to achieve the desired molecular structure.
Use Type
Outside BodyPotential Benefits
Acne treatment reduces or eliminates acne lesions by addressing underlying causes like excess sebum, bacterial infection, inflammation, and clogged follicles. Treatment options include topical applications, oral medications, and lifestyle modifications.
Tretinoin reduces signs of photoaging like wrinkles and age spots by promoting collagen production and accelerating skin cell turnover, improving skin texture. It addresses sun-induced skin damage.
Tretinoin improves skin texture and tone by increasing skin cell turnover and boosting collagen production. This results in smoother, more even skin with reduced appearance of fine lines and hyperpigmentation.
Possible Side Effects
Skin irritation involves symptoms like redness, itching, and rashes due to contact with irritants, allergens, or environmental factors. Severity varies based on the cause, individual sensitivity, and affected area; persistent cases may lead to secondary infections.
Lactic acid use can increase sun sensitivity due to exfoliation, raising the risk of sunburn and sun damage. Protect skin from the sun when using products with lactic acid.
Dry eyes can result from reduced tear production or rapid tear evaporation, leading to discomfort and potential vision problems. Symptoms include a gritty sensation, burning, and blurred vision.
Hyperpigmentation (darkening) or hypopigmentation (lightening) of the skin can occur, usually temporarily, with tretinoin use. Hyperpigmentation is more common in darker skin tones, while hypopigmentation is less frequent.
Scientific Evidence
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557478/; https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/acne/derm-treat/retinoids; https://www.jaad.org/article/S0190-9622(16)00049-0/fulltext
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