Retinyl palmitate, a form of vitamin A, is used in supplements and skincare but requires caution to avoid irritation or toxicity.
Retinyl palmitate is a synthetic ester of retinol (vitamin A) and palmitic acid, widely used in supplements and skincare. It serves as a retinol precursor, supporting vision, immune function, and cell growth. While beneficial, adherence to recommended dosages is crucial to prevent hypervitaminosis A. Topical use can improve skin health but may cause irritation. Pregnant women should carefully monitor their vitamin A intake. The stability of retinyl palmitate allows it to be used in many different formulations.
Key Information
Outside Body Harmful Score
Common Dosage
Dosage varies depending on the application and individual needs. Oral supplement dosages typically range from 1500 mcg RAE (Retinol Activity Equivalents) to 3000 mcg RAE daily. Topical dosages depend on the product concentration, and usage should follow product instructions.
Source Type
synthetic
Production Process
Retinyl palmitate is synthesized by combining retinol (vitamin A) with palmitic acid, a saturated fatty acid. This esterification process increases the stability of retinol and makes it less susceptible to degradation from light and air.
Use Type
Outside BodyPotential Benefits
This benefit aims to improve overall skin health and appearance through increased hydration, reduced inflammation, improved elasticity, and protection from environmental damage. Healthy skin exhibits a smooth texture, even tone, and strong barrier function.
Supports the body's defense against pathogens, enhances immune cell activity, and reduces inflammation. Improved immune function leads to fewer infections and faster recovery.
Retinyl palmitate is converted to active Vitamin A forms, supporting vision, immune function, and cell growth. It is essential for overall health and wellbeing by contributing to several key biological processes.
Retinyl palmitate supports healthy vision by acting as a precursor to retinol, which is essential for the production of rhodopsin, a light-sensitive pigment crucial for night vision. Supplementation can help improve visual function, especially in low-light conditions.
Possible Side Effects
Skin irritation involves symptoms like redness, itching, and rashes due to contact with irritants, allergens, or environmental factors. Severity varies based on the cause, individual sensitivity, and affected area; persistent cases may lead to secondary infections.
Hypervitaminosis A results from excessive vitamin A accumulation, primarily due to high-dose supplements or fortified foods. Symptoms range from mild (fatigue, dry skin) to severe (liver damage, coma).
High doses of retinyl palmitate during pregnancy can cause birth defects in the developing fetus. Pregnant women should avoid exceeding the recommended daily allowance of vitamin A to minimize this risk.
Rarely, topical PGA application causes mild skin irritation like redness or itching, particularly in sensitive individuals. Symptoms are usually mild and self-resolving.
Scientific Evidence
Scientific studies on vitamin A and retinoids. Research on topical retinoids for skin health. Clinical trials on vitamin A supplementation and its effects on immune function and vision. FDA and EFSA regulations regarding vitamin A intake. Studies on the toxicology of excessive vitamin A intake.
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