Mandelic acid is a synthetic alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) with exfoliating and anti-inflammatory properties. Primarily used topically, it is considered gentler than other AHAs and is often favored for sen...
Mandelic acid is a synthetic alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) with exfoliating and anti-inflammatory properties. Primarily used topically, it is considered gentler than other AHAs and is often favored for sensitive skin. It aids in treating acne, diminishing hyperpigmentation, enhancing skin texture, and reducing the appearance of fine lines. Potential side effects include mild skin irritation and increased sun sensitivity, warranting consistent sunscreen usage. There is a risk of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation with inappropriate application or elevated concentrations, especially in individuals with darker complexions.
Key Information
Outside Body Harmful Score
Common Dosage
Typically used in topical formulations at concentrations ranging from 1% to 10%. Dosage varies significantly depending on the product and individual tolerance.
Source Type
synthetic
Production Process
Primarily produced synthetically, although originally derived from bitter almonds.
Use Type
Outside BodyPotential Benefits
Acne treatment reduces or eliminates acne lesions by addressing underlying causes like excess sebum, bacterial infection, inflammation, and clogged follicles. Treatment options include topical applications, oral medications, and lifestyle modifications.
Hyperpigmentation reduction lightens or evens out skin tone in areas with excessive melanin production by targeting melanin synthesis, transfer, or removal. Treatments involve topical agents, procedures, and sun protection.
Mandelic acid reduces fine lines and wrinkles by promoting collagen production and exfoliating the skin, leading to smoother, more radiant skin. Cell turnover is increased, improving skin texture.
Mandelic acid exfoliates the skin, removing dead cells and revealing smoother, more radiant skin. This reduces roughness and improves overall skin texture.
Possible Side Effects
Skin irritation involves symptoms like redness, itching, and rashes due to contact with irritants, allergens, or environmental factors. Severity varies based on the cause, individual sensitivity, and affected area; persistent cases may lead to secondary infections.
Lactic acid use can increase sun sensitivity due to exfoliation, raising the risk of sunburn and sun damage. Protect skin from the sun when using products with lactic acid.
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is a darkening of the skin that can occur after inflammation, especially in darker skin tones when AHAs are used improperly. This discoloration is due to increased melanin production and can be long-lasting.
Topical application can cause mild redness, itching, or burning, especially in individuals with sensitive skin. Symptoms are usually self-limiting but should be monitored.
Scientific Evidence
Limited large-scale clinical trials. Evidence primarily consists of smaller studies and dermatological observations. Further research is needed to fully elucidate its efficacy and long-term effects compared to other AHAs. Research papers examining AHA efficacy on skin conditions like acne and melasma. Studies analyzing the comparative irritability of different AHAs.
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