Citrus aurantium extract, derived from bitter orange, is primarily used for its synephrine content, a stimulant marketed for weight loss and performance enhancement. While it may modestly increase the...
Citrus aurantium extract, derived from bitter orange, is primarily used for its synephrine content, a stimulant marketed for weight loss and performance enhancement. While it may modestly increase thermogenesis and lipolysis, its effectiveness is often limited and synergistic with other stimulants. The use of Citrus aurantium carries significant risks, including elevated blood pressure, anxiety, and potential cardiovascular complications, particularly when combined with other stimulants or in susceptible individuals. Careful dosage consideration and consultation with a healthcare professional are crucial before use.
Key Information
Inside Body Harmful Score
Common Dosage
10-60mg synephrine daily, typically from a Citrus aurantium extract standardized to a specific synephrine content.
Source Type
natural
Production Process
Extraction from the fruit of the Citrus aurantium (bitter orange) plant, often involving solvents to isolate the desired compounds, primarily synephrine.
Use Type
Inside BodyPotential Benefits
Beta-alanine boosts muscle carnosine, buffering against fatigue during intense exercise. This improves athletic performance in sports like sprinting, cycling, and rowing.
Whey protein isolate supports muscle growth and recovery, which enhances athletic performance and training adaptations. It provides essential amino acids needed for muscle protein synthesis and repair.
Citrus aurantium (synephrine) may promote weight loss by increasing thermogenesis and lipolysis, but effects are often modest and may require concurrent stimulant use. It works by stimulating adrenergic receptors to increase metabolism and fat breakdown.
Synephrine constricts blood vessels in the nasal passages, reducing swelling and congestion. This action helps to relieve nasal stuffiness and improve breathing.
Possible Side Effects
Insomnia is a sleep disorder involving difficulty falling or staying asleep, leading to non-restorative sleep. It can be triggered by various factors and can result in daytime fatigue and impaired cognitive function.
Headache is pain in the head ranging from mild to severe, potentially with nausea, light/sound sensitivity, or dizziness. It can be caused by tension, dehydration, stress, or medication side effects, and persistent headaches require medical evaluation.
Anxiety as a side effect involves feelings of worry and unease, potentially leading to restlessness, difficulty concentrating, and panic attacks. It can be triggered by various mechanisms, including drug effects on the CNS or hormonal imbalances, and is often exacerbated by pre-existing anxiety disorders.
Headaches are a common side effect characterized by pain in the head, ranging from mild to severe, potentially accompanied by nausea and sensitivity to light/sound. They can be triggered by various factors, including dehydration, stress, or medication.
Synephrine, especially with caffeine, can increase blood pressure, particularly in those sensitive to stimulants. This may lead to symptoms like headache, dizziness, and palpitations and could strain the cardiovascular system.
Synephrine can cause anxiety, nervousness, and jitteriness, especially in sensitive individuals or at higher doses, due to its stimulant effects on the sympathetic nervous system.
Cardiovascular issues, including arrhythmias and heart attacks, can occur, especially when combined with stimulants or in those with pre-existing heart conditions. These effects can range from palpitations to life-threatening events.
DMAE may cause a temporary or sustained increase in blood pressure. Individuals with pre-existing hypertension or cardiovascular conditions may be at higher risk.
Scientific Evidence
Key studies include research on synephrine's effects on metabolism, lipolysis, and cardiovascular function. Relevant sources include clinical trials and reviews published in peer-reviewed journals such as the International Journal of Obesity, the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, and the Journal of the American Medical Association. Further research is needed to fully understand its efficacy and safety profile, especially regarding long-term use and interactions with other substances. Search PubMed for 'Citrus aurantium synephrine weight loss cardiovascular' for example.
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