About Pyrroloquinoline Quinone
Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a quinone molecule found in various foods and produced by some bacteria, and also available as a synthetic supplement. It is believed to promote mitochondrial biogenesis and act as an antioxidant, potentially offering benefits for energy production, cognitive function, neuroprotection, and cardiovascular health. While generally considered safe at recommended dosages (10-20mg daily), mild side effects such as headache, insomnia, or gastrointestinal distress have been reported. Research is ongoing to further elucidate its effects and optimal uses.
Key Information
Compare All Forms
Compare different forms of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone by bioavailability, conversion rates, and active ingredient content:
| Form | Tier | Steps |
Pyrroloquinoline Quinone (mg) |
Bioavailability | Action |
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Pyrroloquinoline Quinone (PQQ)
Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a supplement promoting mit... |
Tier 3 | 3 | — | Basic/low bioavailability form. Cheap raw material with poor absorption or high GI distress. Often poorly utilized by the body, requires 3+ conversion steps. | View → |
Scientific Evidence
Studies exploring PQQ's impact on mitochondrial biogenesis (Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry), antioxidant properties (Free Radical Biology & Medicine), neuroprotective effects (Rejuvenation Research), and cardiovascular health (Nutrition Reviews). Further research is needed to solidify these findings and establish long-term safety.